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Funded Project |
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Funding Program:
IPM Enhancement Grants |
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Project Title:
Harvest Weed Seed Control for Management of Palmer Amaranth and Italian Ryegrass |
Project Director (PD):
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Lead State: VA Lead Organization: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University |
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Cooperating State(s):
North Carolina |
| Undesignated Funding: $30,000 |
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Start Date: Mar-01-2018 End Date: Feb-28-2019 |
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Pests Involved: Palmer amaranth, Italian ryegrass |
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Site/Commodity: soybean, wheat |
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Area of Emphasis: Integrated Weed Management |
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Summary:
Harvest weed seed control (HWSC) is a new approach to weed management. This technique targets and kills weeds at the seed stage, minimizing additions to the seed bank and reducing future weed infestations. Conventionally, weed seeds that are harvested with the crop and separated in the combine are returned to the field in the chaff fraction, which is spread out behind the combine. In this manner, weed seeds are evenly spread throughout the field, exacerbating the problem for future crops, or alternatively moved to noninfested fields as the harvest continues. HWSC kills weed seed contained in the chaff fraction by physically crushing the chaff fraction (as with the Harrington Seed Destructor), collecting and removing the chaff and weed seeds contained therein with a chaff cart, narrow windrow burning, or other techniques.
We have on-going field research testing HWSC for herbicide resistant Palmer amaranth management in soybeans and herbicide resistant Italian ryegrass management in wheat at multiple sites in Virginia and North Carolina. This is the first research of its kind in the region. Along with testing the novel integrated weed management approach of HWSC, we are also evaluating crop rotations as an additional IPM tactic. This proposal seeks to 1) complete these existing experiments, generating foundation-level knowledge of HWSC in the region and to 2) transfer this knowledge to stakeholders via traditional and internet-based Extension methods. Objectives: 1) Complete on-going research of harvest weed seed control (HWSC) for herbicide resistant Palmer amaranth management in soybeans and herbicide resistant Italian ryegrass management in wheat. 2) Extend information gleaned from research to farmers and stakeholders who can affect real-world change. |
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Final Report: |
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Outputs - Field research projects were completed at multiple locations in Virginia and North Carolina, representing the first harvest weed seed control HWSC efforts in the region and first multi-year efforts in the US. - Narrow windrow burning is capable of killing Italian ryegrass and Palmer amaranth seed. Results may not be readily observable in the subsequent season due to the soil seed bank. - Based on field research efforts and allied projects, 5 abstracts were presented at professional meetings in 2019, informing other academics and extension specialists of HWSC’s potential. Other publication efforts are on-going. - Research results including observations and tips learned, were advertised and extended to growers, agronomists, and other ag professionals through field days (2), extension presentations (11), workshops (2), social media, and other outlets. |
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Outcomes - Participant survey after certain extension events indicated an increase strong in knowledge on integrated weed management and harvest weed seed control. - 78% of field day participants indicated they were likely or highly likely to implement integrated weed management tactics (cover crops or harvest weed seed control) as a result. |
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