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Funded Project |
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Funding Program:
IPM Enhancement Grants |
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Project Title:
Preliminary assessment of indigenous pecan germplasm for insect and pathogen resistance |
Project Directors (PDs):
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Lead State: TX Lead Organization: Texas A&M AgriLife Research |
| Undesignated Funding: $29,996 |
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Start Date: May-01-2013 End Date: Apr-30-2014 |
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Pests Involved: Various nut feeders, sap suckers, and folivores, a |
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Site/Commodity: Pecan |
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Area of Emphasis: Host plant resistance |
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Summary:
Southern USA and Texas pecan (Carya illinoinensis) production benefits from IPM practices developed during the last ~40 years. In Texas alone, recent estimates indicate annual savings of ~$6M due to pecan IPM. The use of pest-resistant crop cultivars, i.e. Host plant resistance (HPR), is a fundamental component of modern, sustainable IPM programs. Currently, pecan IPM in Texas and other states emphasizes direct control of nut-feeding pests (e.g., through judicious insecticide use), while emphasizing tolerance of other pests. HPR is a particularly suitable addition to IPM given the emphasis on tolerance of minor pests because pest-resistant varieties support lower pest densities or suffer less yield loss when infested by pests. Our proposal pursues two goals, both in accordance with Seed Grant expectations, Proposals will be accepted to initiate new IPM efforts&, catalyze effective solutions to important IPM&challenges, (and) facilitate&allotment of future resources to address the issue. The first goal is to produce preliminary data that will be the bases of future, competitive proposals to federal grants competitions; the second is to contribute to the development of pest-resistant cultivars suitable for incorporation to evolving pecan IPM programs in southern USA and Texas. Specifically, we propose to begin evaluating pecan germplasm for insect and disease resistance. The germplasm to be evaluated is available in a pecan Provenance Orchard (National Clonal Germplasm Repository for Pecans and Hickories) in Somerville, TX. Our specific objectives are to compare: (i) the performance of various pest insects (folivores, sap-suckers, and nut-feeders) when hosted by several indigenous pecan populations from the Provenance Orchard; (ii) the performance of Pecan scab (Fusicladium effusum) when hosted by those pecan populations, and; (iii) a suite of putative plant defense traits among those pecan populations. The projects outputs will include detailed characterizations of insect and pathogen defense phenotypes of indigenous pecan populations from the Provenance Orchard. These outputs will be useful for preparing competitive grant proposals, as well as to pecan breeders throughout southern USA seeking to improve the host plant resistance of pecan cultivars.
Objectives: Specific Objective 1. Assess performance of a suite of insects representative of different feeding modes when hosted by several indigenous pecan populations. Specific Objective 2. Assess performance of Pecan scab when hosted by several indigenous pecan populations. Specific Objective 3. Assess a suite of putative plant defense traits of several indigenous pecan populations. |
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