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Funded Project

Funding Program: LegumePIPE Subcontracts

Project Title: 2009 Legume ipmPIPE Subcontract  New Mexico

Project Director (PD): Natalie P. Goldberg [1]

Lead State: NM Lead Organization: New Mexico State University

Cooperating State(s): New Mexico

Undesignated Funding: $11,055

Start Date: Jul-01-2009 End Date: Jun-30-2010

Pests Involved: Soybean aphid, Mexican bean beetle, Westen bean cutworms, Leafhoppers

Site/Commodity: Legume

Area of Emphasis: Legumes, soybean rust, white mold, bacteria, viruses, insects

Summary: New Mexico State University will enter into a subcontract with the Western IPM Center to provide the following deliverables on the Project Legume ipmPIPE Subcontract, 2009. The goal of the state-based components of the Legume ipmPIPE is to provide useful information for integrated pest management through a national network with information associated with IPM for pests including soybean rust (SBR), soybean aphid, white mold, bacterial diseases, legume viruses and other pests of legumes including common beans, cool-season legumes, and warm-season legumes. (a) This project will adhere to procedures for design, crop and pest monitoring, and data reporting in accordance with national protocols. Data will be reported in a timely fashion using nationally established procedures, with close communication between the field and laboratory (e.g., National Plant Diagnostic Network and other state and regional virology lab resources). (b) This project will participate routinely in regional and national networking activities including conference calls. (c) This project will contribute appropriate state-based commentaries to the online Legume ipmPIPE information management system with methods and frequency as established by the Legume ipmPIPE. (d) This project will provide reports as requested by the national program. Plant field plots of legume crops typically grown in the state (e.g., common beans - dry bean, snap bean, fresh market bean; cool season legumes  chickpea or Garbanzo bean, field pea, lentil; and/or warm season legumes - lima bean, cowpea or Southern Pea) and/or work with growers to monitor representative commercial fields. Visually inspect and/or sample fields on the following schedule for the Groups of diseases or pests: Group 1  Small lesions or spots (pustules) such as the Rusts; e.g., Soybean Rust and Common Rust Group 2  Small to large foliar and/or pod lesions or spots caused by fungal and bacterial pathogens Subgroup 2-A: Fungal Diseases, e.g., Ascochyta Leaf Spot of chickpea, White Mold of all legumes Subgroup 2-B: Bacterial Diseases, e.g., Common Bacterial Blight, Bacterial Brown Spot, Halo Blight, Bacterial Wilt Group 3  legume viruses (examples could include) Western Region: Bean common mosaic virus/Alfalfa mosaic virus and Beet curly top virus; Eastern Region: Bean yellow mosaic virus/Cucumber mosaic virus of legumes such as common bean. Group 4  insect pests; e.g., Soybean Aphid or Bean/Pea Aphid and other insects of sentinel legumes such as Mexican Bean Beetle, Western Bean Cutworm, Thrips, Spider Mites, Leafhoppers, Whiteflies, Lygus Bugs will be identified by entomologists and regional Sentinel Plot specialists Legume Pest Protocols  General Criteria " Periodic surveys (weekly to seasonal) based upon plant growth stage, environmental conditions, canopy development, pest life cycle, and sampling resources will be implemented for each Sentinel Plot or commercial field of legume. For example, biweekly sampling is suggested for Soybean Rust (Group 1), bi-weekly to monthly sampling for other priority diseases (Group 2); and seasonal sampling for legume viruses (Group 3) and insect pests (Group 4) especially during the mid to late vegetative growth stages, and again at flowering and early pod growth stages. " Look for obvious foci of plants exhibiting foliar stress (plant stunting, leaf chlorosis, necrosis, deformation, defoliation), examine the lower and upper surface of leaves or stems from the lower to middle (e.g., soybean rust, white mold) and middle to upper (e.g., viruses, bacteria, Ascochyta) portions of the plant canopy for the presence of symptoms or signs of the pest in the targeted group of diseases. " If no foci are present, walk a transect on a diagonal or zig-zag pattern (for Group 1, 2 and 4 pest) throughout the Sentinel Plot or commercial field, stopping every 5-10 paces for a total of 20 times/Sentinel Plot. Examine plant parts such as leaves on 5 plants at each stop from the lower to middle or middle to upper canopy for evidence of signs and/or symptoms as described above for visual foci. " Suspected outbreaks of a disease should be noted, and leaf and other affected tissue sample removed, sealed in a plastic bag, labeled with the date/location, and transported in a cooler to the nearest local diagnostic support lab. Diagnostic protocols and networking will help the diagnostician identify or verify the specific cause of the disease for reporting purposes. The State Specialist will contact the local NPDN or State Diagnostic laboratory (e.g., WPDN at New Mexico State University) to set up contract, transfer funds and schedule sample deliveries. The State Specialist will report observations (weekly to biweekly) to the Legume ipmPIPE (all legume diseases and pests, crop status) and ipmPIPE (Soybean Rust) national restricted and public web sites. A brief final report of seasonal activities will be reported to the WIPMC and Legume ipmPIPE Coordinators (Drs. H. Schwartz  Colorado State University and M. Langham  South Dakota State University). Objectives: Establish field plots (5 Sentinel Plots in New Mexico) to monitor legume pests and diseases. Provide samples to appropriate laboratory to assess diseases. Provide funding to laboratory for disease assessments. Report findings to Legume ipmPIPE (all diseases and pests) and ipmPIPE (Soybean Rust) web sites. A brief summary of activities and observation will be submitted to the WIPMC at the completion of the growing season.

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